what is hellenistic culture

Such a conception fails to take into account the qualitative changes that took place in ideology and culture after the Roman conquest and, especially, during the crisis and decline of slaveholding society. The elegy, formerly a medium of social and moral instruction, became a mythological narrative in the works of Philetas of Cos (c. 320–270), Hermesianax of Colophon (born c. 300), and Calli-machus of Cyrene. The characteristics listed above are most strikingly evident in the high-relief frieze of the Altar of Zeus (marble, c. 180 B.C., Staatliche Museen, Berlin) and the Nike of Samothrace (marble, late fourth or second centuries B.C., Louvre, Paris). The museum and library of Alexandria was the center of this conservationist activity. skeptical philosophy underwent further development by Aenesidemus. Hellenistic age - Hellenistic age - Civic structures: Wherever Hellenization was strong, there tended to be support for the institution of the city-state as well as a measure of synoecism, or gathering of smaller communities in a new polis. Herophilus of Chalcedon and Erasistratus represented a new stage in the development of the science of anatomy. Hellenistic art is richly diverse in subject matter and in stylistic development. For example, Ptolemy situated himself in Egypt and started the Ptolemaic empire. The founders of Stoicism—Zeno of Citium, Cleanthes, and Chrysippus—were active in the third and second centuries B.C. The Hellenistic cities, notably Alexandria in Egypt, Dura-Europos, Pergamum, Priene, and Seleucia, were generally laid out in a gridiron plan; their visual character was in large part determined by large colonnades that ran along the main streets and by one- and two-story colonnaded stoas, which either stood independently around the perimeter of the agora or formed part of a building. The cultural phenomenon that we call Hellenism had a lasting impact on Judaism and the Jewish people. The topics chosen and the way in which events were interpreted were undoubtedly influenced by political struggles, as well as by current political and philosophical theories. The most characteristic feature of Hellenistic religion and mythology was syncretism, in which the heritage of the East played a major role. Hellenism was a synthesis of Greek (Hellenic) culture with the native cultures of the Near East. pertaining to Hellenists. The mathematicians associated with Alexandria included Nicomedes, Diodes, Zenodorus (author of On Isoperimetric Figures), and Hypsicles (author of Book 14 of Euclid’s Elements and the treatise On Polygonal Numbers). For the first time, there were museums and great libraries, such as those at Alexandria and Pergamon (1972.118.95). During this period, particularly through the conquests of Alexander the Great, Greek culture spread far and wide, both into Asia and into Europe. The skeptical school, founded by Pyrrho in the last quarter of the fourth century B.C., believed that man could attain spiritual serenity by renouncing the quest for objective knowledge (according to the skeptics, a hopeless search), by refusing to make judgements, and by basing conduct on rational probability, tradition, and custom. Preferred Citation: Green, Peter, editor. During the Hellenistic age, Plato’s Academy, Aristotle’s Lyceum (the Peripatetic school), the Cynics, and the Cyrenaics remained active. Alexander got all the way to India. To be honest, one must readily acknowledge the diversity within hellenism, but there were some commonalities. As my fellows have asked, we’ll need more detail on what you’re asking. The most important feature of Hellenistic literature is its narrower social scope in comparison with the previous period of Greek history, the city-state period. Subsequent histories of the world were written by Posidonius of Apamea, Nicholas of Damascus, Agatharchides of Cnidos, and Diodorus Siculus. Are you a teacher? Hellenistic Judaism was a form of Judaism in classical antiquity that combined Jewish religious tradition with elements of Greek culture.Until the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the early Muslim conquests of the eastern Mediterranean, the main centers of Hellenistic Judaism were Alexandria in Egypt and Antioch in Syria (now in southern Turkey), the two main Greek urban … The botanical knowledge that had been accumulated was systematized by Theophrastus. Hellenization, or Hellenism, refers to the spread of Greek culture that had begun after the conquest of Alexander the Great in the fourth century, B.C.E. The Hellenistic culture is usually defined as the culture of the period from 336 BC to the time when the Roman Empire started to become very powerful in the late first century BCE. In form, many historical works resembled fiction: the exposition of events was skillfully dramatized, and rhetorical devices were used to produce an emotional effect on a wide audience. 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