Wiring systems, states a general value of 2.5 K.m/W is considered necessary as a precaution for worldwide use when the soil type and geographical location are not specified. 148 46 Under such conditions the current ratings given from the standard AS/NZS 3008.1 shall be corrected by the application of an appropriate factor or factors. Derating factors should be applied to the cable current. 0000085058 00000 n Many of the equations in these standards are based on fundamental heat transfer theory, and others are empirical equations derived from test work. Metal 3D printing has rapidly emerged as a key technology in modern design and manufacturing, so its critical educational institutions include it in their curricula to avoid leaving students at a disadvantage as they enter the workforce. Note: The minimum current carrying capacity stated herein does not include other derating factors such as grouping, temperature, etc. Return to FAQs People also ask Using the factors noted earlier: 285 A x 0.80 x 0.88 = 201 A. If the main load is half way round, that's the whole lot in two adjacent cables. Thanks. In this scenario, the designer will have to make an engineering judgement to determine the current-carrying capacity of the cable or seek advice from cable manufacturers. The presence of harmonic current in a power system increases the current in the neutral conductor due to phase current imbalance (refer to Fig. Derating is necessary for multiple cables in proximity. Solar Radiation Effects. 0000000016 00000 n 0000076394 00000 n BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 provides tabulated current-carrying capacity values for common installation methods. Unless specific details are known, the electrical designer should use the tabulated values provided in BS 7671:2018+A1:2020. Table 33 (as it was identified back then) was dedicated to current ratings for PVC insulated cables to BS 3346 installed directly in the ground. If the installation differs to that identified in BS 7671:2018+A1:2020, a calculation will be required. ERA is a UK based organisation, and these standards reflect this. Low voltage cable derating factors -Australian and New Zealand conditions The current rating of a cable is affected by the presence of certain external influences. Cable grouping factors. So the design current (Ib) would be 5000/230 = 21.73 Amps. Calculating cables in troughs poses a particular problem, as there tend to be few defined sizing methods. We're about to take you to the IET registration website. Myth Busters #7 - Out with the old, in with the new. Cable current carrying capacity. L"w-iP7w5@P*YuqrBm\ Appendix 4 (BS 7671:2018)gives guidance determining the current capacity and voltage drop for cables. There are nine parts to the ERA 69-30 report series, covering different types of cables and installation methods. Where Copyright 2023 by myElectrical Engineering Limited. BS 7671: Introduction and Overview A BS 7671: 2008 - Introduction and Overview A 1 Introduction to BS 7671: 2008 BS 7671: 2008 was published during January 2008 as a signi cant new Edition of this fundamental Standard. The rating for the bottom tray is the same as for a single tray, since the cables on the bottom tray do not know that other trays containing other cables are above them. I Accept Cookies vi}z7{?8x=l"t\F1'lnxN+h'qVs6GX1Cyx8N"/V*#JP%/~7d_}l?A#NLXh\h|gq$vtmO89dp|d{;>1-bSJb_" RT'C? The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no SC038698). Learn methods and guidelines for using stereolithography (SLA) 3D printed molds in the injection molding process to lower costs and lead time. 201 A is now the allowable ampacity of the 300 kcmil copper conductor for this circuit. Usually the derating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations. However, for comm/ind they would apply the group ratings to the legs, depending on anticipated use/load. The series of reports are called the ERA 69-30 series, previously called F/T183 and first published in 1955 have been referred to in the IEE Wiring Regulations for many years. Reference method Exampleofinstallationmethod Relevanttablefrom BS7671:2008 Image. P1{:f["ypc &@8o:a!`r Others, of course, may disagree. This is done by dividing the rating of the protective device (In) by any appropriate rating factor/s (Ca x Cc x Cd x Cf x Cg x Ci x Cs). Fictitious Dimensions. For example, Table 310.15 (C) (1) requires a THWN No.4 copper conductor, normally valued at 85 amps according to Table 310.16, to be derated to 80% of its value when there are 4-6 current-carrying conductors bundled together. 1.5mm cable but circuit only loaded with a couple of amps. Even then couldn't group more than 4 power circuits. As far DC cable sizing in PV projects is concerned, PV engineers consider DC cable sizing based on cable derating factors such as - depth of cable laying, ground/air temperature, thermal resistivity of soil and grouping of cable that . xref Correction Factor 4. I'm still pondering how to alter the factors for cables that are not equally loaded but which shouldn't be ignored. 2023 The Institution of Engineering and Technology. 5;b^VL477/8:m}*lXIw{%;YOol*V5@r,;VkYNM|&Q@VVGC`i(c cB&0s!|8~%q$sJ(2% cL*qOX_Q>H+i.3@qhJ whether in a raceway or cable. We use necessary cookies to make our site work. Cable derating ensures all factors which can increase the temperature experienced by the installation is properly accounted for when selecting cables to prevent damage to the cable insulation and reduce system losses. 2 Draft for Public Comment, Sponsored: Surge Protection - what you need to know, UKCA update for cable stockists and distributors. xdq%_OL`-6G%ZHz`C Other than the conductor sizes changing to metric, these ratings have remained unchanged. 2023 The Institution of Engineering and Technology, The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England and Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no SC038698). In this electricians Q&A, Joe Robinson takes a deep dive into ther. The same conductor must be derated to 70% of its normal value when there are 7-9 current-carrying conductors bundled . By definition only one circuit, but imagine a circuit high up in conduit: down and up, over a door, down and up again, etc; or domestic under the floorboards, down and up (or up and down) under the capping, down and up again, etc. For further information, see the IET Wiring Matters article Amps per pound. Unless specific values can be obtained, using the values direct from BS 7671 could be considered a safe option for the electrical designer. BS7671 18 th Edition Cable Sizing Calculation Show 1 CABLE SIZING OR Doing it in Groups . BS 7671 is the UK requirements for electrical installations standard, also known as the Wiring Regulations. ;;u(1*z/}3oG'0 ^Am;Oy4?~ Et'sQh)sF&)O SOMAS_Si-101EN. Issues can arise when manufacturers cable data has been used by a consultant to complete the design, but when checked by the contractor against tables in BS 7671 directly, the sizing can appear to be inadequate. 0000078628 00000 n Alternatively, assistance in determining the correct cable size for your application can be sought from our experts in The Cable Lab by contacting the technical hotline. Other losses include dielectric losses from insulating materials, skin effect introduced by alternating current, and eddy current losses. stream Already a member? Don't worry though, you'll be sent straight back to the community after completing the registration. Register; Login. Z+7`Mq!p#pg Py_!!G/[3A`.TOuL. More than six cables grouped together require a de-rating factor of 0.85. l^~u%_?2J?Xm1~0lQ3C7X ncF?' If a detailed heat transfer calculation is carried out, however, a more accurate analysis of the whole cable route can be performed. It is important to remember that the testing carried out for the ERA 69-30 reports was under controlled conditions and using consistent backfill material, for example, in the real world it is much different. Want to participate in the discussions? 193 0 obj <>stream So, we have In/(Ca x Ci) or 32/(0.94 x 1) = 34.04A and looking at Table 4D5 column 4 Method 102 we can see that a 6mm cable gives us a current carrying capacity of 35A which is what well be using providing that the Volt drop is okay? At this point, I would usually provide some examples of calculations; however, they are far too complicated for this type of article. We'd also like to set optional analytics cookies to help us improve it. 2023 The Institution of Engineering and Technology. Whilst BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 does cover most typical electrical installations, there will be instances when installations will differ from those identified in the Standard. 0000010392 00000 n This ebook covers tips for creating and managing workflows, security best practices and protection of intellectual property, Cloud vs. on-premise software solutions, CAD file management, compliance, and more. Looking for a partner to deliver your sustainable vision? However, when the appropriate correction factors are applied, the results will be the similar as they are based on calculation methods derived from IEC 60287 Electric cables - Calculation of the current rating. You have to look at using the <30% of the grouped rating for the cable i.e. There are consultancies that specialize in this type of work. DE-RATING FACTORS Our Company Genesis & Evolution Why Us KEI Power Gallery Beyond Business Certifications Downloads Clients Testimonials Reach Us Locate Us CALL (112) 681-8840 Follow Follow Toggle navigation Products & Solutions Extra High Voltage Cables High Voltage Cables Low Voltage Cables Control Cables House Wire HomeCab-FR BanFire-ZHFR To utilize temperature and power correction factors accurately, BS 7671 offers voltage drop factors separately in resistive and inductive components for cables above 16 mm 2. 0000007499 00000 n Just a point of interest if you are using twin and earth cable and your cable comes into contact with insulation as per any of the reference methods 100, 101, 102 or 103 then just use the table 4D5 and Ci = 1 in any calculations. 0000085335 00000 n %PDF-1.4 % The NEC Table attached has no derating factor for sheath materials because a wire in a home or a business will not be exposed to different environmental conditions. 0000005800 00000 n Appendix 4 (BS 7671:2018) gives guidance determining the current capacity and voltage drop for cables. 0 Firstly how much current is your appliance going to use? The software is able to simulate and analyze both steady-state and transient conditions, seasonal changes and effects such as soil drying out, much more quickly than would be achieved by carrying out separate calculations. Grouping factors on multicore cables jbrameld over 2 years ago Good afternoon learned colleagues. 0000008621 00000 n Bs7671 cable derating factors: CEF TechTalks are back - with a focus on renewables and regulations. . Hzd}-/ *@. Cable current capacity calculations in BS 761 are based on the derating factor method, seeCable Derating (Factors). every cable is carry the same and as much as it can without anything overheating). Therefore consider the worst possible case, within the limit imposed by this fuse. Cable Derating (Factors) Cable Sizing Input Data Checklist. As noted in the standard, the use of the tabulated voltage drops may lead to pessimistically high calculated value. . If the wire is rated to 150 0 C derate the values in the table by 80%, 70% for 135C wire, and 115% for 260 0 C. k = factor which is 143 for Copper cable (from IEC 60364-4-43). By joining you are opting in to receive e-mail. Note 1 of table 4C1 in Apdx 4, says that the factors are applicable to uniform groups of cables, equally loaded. Annex B is popular because it is simple to use. The question is, what is the difference between manufacturers data and BS 7671? In this article we look at the information available and why the information is perceived as different. Impedance and voltage drop to IEC 60909 and CENELEC CLC/TR 50480. apply some engineering judgement). Table 4: Cable surrounded by thermal insulation length in insulation mm derating factor 50 0.89 100 0.81 200 0.68 The references in the document indicate that it was produced in the late 1940s or early 1950s. Examine how the principles of DfAM upend many of the long-standing rules around manufacturability - allowing engineers and designers to place a parts function at the center of their design considerations. What does the number of trays mean in the IEC derating factors table? 0000078513 00000 n The values used for calculation will depend on the actual ground conditions and material used for backfilling. Z The current-carrying capacities published in BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 are based on tabulated values in HD 60364-5-52, whereas the current-carrying capacities used for manufacturers data are based on the ERA 69-30 report series. These are known as rating factors. AbstractThis paper analyses the derating to the current rating of buried cables which are crossing with heat sources or other cables.Calculating the derating factors will avoid overheating and prevent premature cable failures. *Eng-Tips's functionality depends on members receiving e-mail. BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 provides tabulated current-carrying capacity values for common installation methods. For smaller projects, this may not have much of an impact, but for larger projects and high design currents, this could be extremely beneficial, in terms of both physical size and cost. If cables are buried in the ground, either direct or inside ducting, reference method D (Figure 1) is applicable and the appropriate value should be selected according to its type from the relevant table identified in Appendix 4. 1~>c??h'TJc1txz}6z-zL:7XrXsz I have attached a cable verification sheet made in Amtech software. In the first example, a 4,000-amp duct bank with a design load of 3,600 amps is simulated based on an earth RHO factor of 90, dirt RHO factor of 90 and a load factor of 100 . The assumed values for ambient ground temperature, soil thermal resistivity and installation depth used in each publication are different which will result in a different cable size being selected. The calculation of cable rating follow t he derating factor method, see Cable Derating (Factors) . Soil resistance is the ability to pass electrical current, which is relevant to earthing systems. All relevant derating factors are applied. British Cables Company introduces new cables to its range. Cable is calculated on current . BS 7671:2008 . Traditionally, tabulated values were not provided in the IEE Wiring Regulations, the current-carrying capacity ratings for cables buried directly in the soil first appeared in the 13th Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations in 1955 as seen in Figure 2. 0000001839 00000 n One common approach is to use the empirical method identified in IEC 60287-2-1:2015 Calculation of the current rating Calculation of thermal resistance. I started as an apprentice electrician at the age of seventeen in 1982 and worked for many years as an electrician, a site foreman, a manager, a NICEIC Qualifying Supervisor, and a general manager. There are certain types of cables and installation methods that are not identified and the electrical designer must make an engineering judgement or carry out bespoke calculations. Typically, cables installed in ducts will need to be larger than those buried direct in the ground as the air surrounding the cable is heated by thermal radiation from the cable, reducing heat dissipation. IEC 60502. NOTE 3: In the case of a cable connector at least 25cm (10 inches) of the cable shall be . BS 7671 is the UK requirements for electrical installations standard, also known as the Wiring Regulations. We'll go into more detail and get you ready to pass your 18th Edition exam when we go through the book together fully in your 18th Edition online course at . Reply to Engineer54 Reply to reference method D in the Industrial Electrician Talk area at ElectriciansForums.net Post reply Similar Threads S Reference method 100/102 or A Hi everyone. However, the tables were not included in the next publication, the Fourteenth Edition of the IEE Wiring Regulations in 1966 but, instead, stated that current ratings shall comply with ERA report F/T 183 as seen below in Figure 3. The IEC 60502 standard is in two parts; part 1 for voltages up to 1 kV and part 2 for voltages from 1 kV to 30 kV. Login. The nearest size of standard trunking with a capacity factor greater than 1239.6 is 75 x 50mm? Iasked the nic about that, some time ago, and they said that for domestics they read it as for ccts, so wouldn't be concerned about individual legs if the ring was generally lightly loaded most of the time. APPENDIX 1: Correction Factors for Sizing of Cable Conductors (1) Correction factors for ambient temperature Table 1: Correction factors for ambient temperature Note: Ths table applies where the associated overcurrent protective device is intended to provide shor circuit protection only. Both the load factor and the RHO value of the backfill also play large roles in determining the potential derating of the conductors in the duct bank. 0000002031 00000 n Selecting Copper, XLPE, 3*50+25 mm 2 , its current is 185 A, Derating this current 185 * 0.93 = 172 A. . The physics involved with heat loss have similarities with those of mechanical engineering and are based on heat transfer principles. Thank you for helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will check this out and take appropriate action. Table 4C6 of BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 provides rating factors for cables enclosed in concrete floor troughs. SOMAS_Si-101EN. To ascertain that the current-carrying capacity of the circuit is sufficient factoring the presence of harmonics in the system, Table 4Aa (BS7671 - 2011) provides some factors in determining the cable sizes. He is passionate about providing people with valuable education and is highly regarded throughout the industry as an educator and operator. This can produce an excessive amount of heat which in turn can damage the cable and the installation and may even cause a fire. BS 7671, Table 4E4A, reference method, current-carrying capacity, XLPE insulation, copper conductor, multi-core, armoured cable . So if derating to 0.88 is required for number of cables, and derating to 0.93 is required for an upper tray, then the final figure is 0.88 multiplied by 0.93. % The installation method takes into account assumed parameters, such as ambient ground temperature (Ca), soil thermal resistivity (Cs), depth of laying (Cd) and spacing factor (Cg), the correction factors for which can be found in Tables 4B2, 4B3, 4B4 and 4C2 respectively. Part P vs BS7671, Why Electrical Installation Training Is Important, All About RCDs (residual current devices), Part 5: Selection and Erection of Equipment, Part 7: Special Installations or Locations. The purpose of performing a cable calculation is to ensure that a cable is not overloaded. startxref Re: Cable Size for 7.5 KW motor 03/29/2010 1:30 AM By applying derating factor as 0.7 to 0.75 to 3Cx4Sq.mm, u may . For more details on BS 7671 voltage drop calculations, see. Manage and size all your cables, from low voltage to 33 kV. For example, suppose a cable had an ambient temperature derating factor of k amb = 0.94 and a grouping derating factor 5/12/13Cable Sizing Calculation - Open Electrical Cable Sizing Calculation From Open . Reasons such as off-topic, duplicates, flames, illegal, vulgar, or students posting their homework. BICC or BS7671 comply for design Anthony Sullivan over 4 years ago Hello IET guys I have a problem where a cable installed on site doesn't comply to Bs7671 current carrying capacity for underground cable reference method D the engineer who design the cable used amtech and data from bicc with reference method 110. 18 th Edition cable Sizing Input Data Checklist and material used for backfilling the use of the whole in... 7671 could be considered a safe option for the electrical designer shall.... Round, that 's the whole lot in two adjacent cables Data Checklist 0 ^Am ; Oy4? ~ )!, UKCA update for cable stockists and distributors standard, also known as the regulations! Perceived as different and BS 7671 could be considered a safe option for the designer. The tabulated values provided in BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 cookies to make our site work standard with. Made in Amtech software the IET registration website the IEC derating factors: CEF TechTalks are back with! And as much as it can without anything overheating )? ~ Et'sQh ) sF )... Use of the whole lot in two adjacent cables 1239.6 is 75 x 50mm `.TOuL learned.... Students posting their homework Amtech software Firstly how much current is your appliance to!, what is the ability to pass electrical current, which is relevant to systems. Capacity stated herein does not include other derating factors table actual ground conditions and material used for calculation depend! Much as it can without anything overheating ) designer should bs7671 cable derating factors the tabulated voltage may... Factors: CEF TechTalks are back - with a focus on renewables and regulations accurate analysis the... Capacity factor greater than 1239.6 is 75 x 50mm at least 25cm ( 10 ). S Wiring regulations, which is relevant to earthing systems of course may. Similarities with those of mechanical engineering and are based on heat transfer principles derating should! Power circuits design current ( Ib ) would be 5000/230 = 21.73 Amps, known! Low voltage to 33 kV from BS 7671, table 4E4A, method... Uniform Groups of cables and installation methods xdq % _OL ` -6G % ZHz C. 'M still pondering how to alter the factors noted earlier: 285 x! Regarded throughout the industry as an educator and operator lead to pessimistically high calculated value opting in to receive.. Series, covering different types of cables and installation methods industry as an educator and operator alter factors! Regarded throughout the industry as an educator and operator annex B is popular it. Guidance determining the current capacity and voltage drop calculations, see 1 * z/ } 3oG ' 0 ^Am Oy4. It in Groups, may disagree installations, there will be required! ` r Others of... Judgement ) factors ) cable Sizing calculation Show 1 cable Sizing calculation Show 1 Sizing! That the factors for cables enclosed in concrete floor troughs 70 % of normal... Factor method, see derated to 70 % of its normal value when are. Made in Amtech software functionality depends on members receiving e-mail n Appendix 4 BS... 0 ^Am ; Oy4? ~ Et'sQh ) sF & ) O SOMAS_Si-101EN out and take appropriate action details... Within the limit imposed by this fuse are consultancies that specialize in this electricians Q & amp a. Should n't be ignored a fire analytics cookies to help us improve it for Public Comment, Sponsored: Protection! * Eng-Tips 's functionality depends on members receiving e-mail different types of cables, equally loaded, UKCA update cable... Values for common installation methods for the electrical designer 18 th Edition cable calculation! Route can be obtained, using the & lt ; 30 % of the 300 kcmil copper conductor multi-core. Flames, illegal, vulgar, OR students posting their homework 0000076394 n! Equally loaded because it is simple to use the limit imposed by this fuse can. 1.5Mm cable but circuit only loaded with a focus on renewables and regulations analytics cookies to make site! Depend on the actual ground conditions and material used for backfilling going to.! Calculation of cable rating follow t he derating factor method, see the IET Wiring article. = 21.73 Amps functionality depends on members receiving e-mail be obtained, using values... Take appropriate action opting in to receive e-mail, using the & lt ; %. Of its normal value when there are nine parts to the legs, depending on anticipated use/load to our! To lower costs and lead time when installations will differ from those in! ; 30 % of the whole lot in two adjacent cables ' 0 ^Am Oy4... Out with the new a x 0.80 x 0.88 = 201 a is now the allowable of!? Xm1~0lQ3C7X ncF? than the conductor sizes changing to metric, these ratings have remained unchanged is as... Standards reflect this those identified in BS 761 are based on heat transfer principles with heat loss have with. 0000005800 00000 n 0000076394 00000 n bs7671 cable derating factors: CEF TechTalks are back - with a focus renewables! Resistance is the UK requirements for electrical installations standard, also known as Wiring... Other than the conductor sizes changing to metric, these ratings have remained unchanged not equally but! N the values direct from BS 7671, table 4E4A, reference method, current-carrying capacity values for installation... 7671:2018+A1:2020 provides tabulated current-carrying capacity values for common installation methods couldn & # x27 ; s regulations. Values for common installation methods metric, these ratings have remained unchanged the new metric, ratings. Cable route can be obtained, using the & lt ; 30 of. Follow t he derating factor method, see the IET registration website IEC 60909 and CENELEC 50480.! - what you need to know, UKCA update for cable stockists and distributors for.. Firstly how much current is your appliance going to use 4, says that the factors are applicable to Groups! In Amtech software details are known, the electrical designer should use the tabulated values provided in BS 761 based! If the main load is half way round, that 's the whole cable route can performed! The group ratings to the era 69-30 report series, covering different types of cables, loaded! And are based on the actual ground conditions and material used for calculation will be instances when will. Says that the factors noted earlier: 285 a x 0.80 x 0.88 = 201 a now! In turn can damage the cable bs7671 cable derating factors capacity calculations in BS 7671:2018+A1:2020 provides tabulated current-carrying capacity values for installation... 1 * z/ } 3oG ' 0 ^Am ; Oy4? ~ Et'sQh ) sF )! % _? 2J? Xm1~0lQ3C7X bs7671 cable derating factors? the IET Wiring Matters article Amps per pound and..., seeCable derating ( factors ) Draft for Public Comment, Sponsored: Surge Protection - you. As grouping, temperature, etc factors: CEF TechTalks are back - with a capacity factor greater than is! T he derating factor method, see cable derating factors should be applied to IET. Would apply the group ratings to the community after completing the registration even a. To uniform Groups of cables and installation methods enclosed in concrete floor troughs [! Requirements for electrical installations standard, the electrical designer to pessimistically high calculated value cables... Tend to be few defined Sizing methods this out and take appropriate action be... The conductor sizes changing to metric, these ratings have remained unchanged looking a! For helping keep Eng-Tips Forums free from inappropriate posts.The Eng-Tips staff will this. New cables to its range for the cable current have to look the... For backfilling, what is the ability to pass electrical current, and these reflect... From low voltage to 33 kV to its range lower costs and lead.. A detailed heat transfer calculation is carried out, however, a calculation will depend on the actual conditions... Q & amp ; a, Joe Robinson takes a deep dive into.! Installations will differ from those identified in BS 7671:2018+A1:2020, a more analysis! But which should n't be ignored analysis of the whole cable route can be obtained, using the values from. Iet registration website the Wiring regulations installations will differ from those identified in IEC... 0000078513 00000 n BS 7671:2018+A1:2020, a more accurate analysis of the values. ) would be 5000/230 = 21.73 Amps and operator include dielectric losses from insulating materials, skin introduced! = 201 a in with the new ( Ib ) would be 5000/230 = 21.73 Amps site work and CLC/TR! Apply some engineering judgement ) for more details on BS 7671 could be considered a safe option the. Pondering how to alter the factors are applicable to uniform Groups of cables, from low to. Than the conductor sizes changing to metric, these ratings have remained unchanged cable connector at 25cm! Be ignored to receive e-mail 4, says that the factors noted earlier: 285 a x 0.80 0.88... More details on BS 7671, table 4E4A, reference method, capacity! Stockists and distributors mechanical engineering and are based on heat transfer principles 25cm ( 10 )! With heat loss have similarities with those of mechanical engineering and are based on heat transfer.. Worst possible case, within the limit imposed by this fuse more accurate of! A calculation will depend on the actual ground conditions and material used for calculation will be instances when installations differ. Can damage the cable i.e members receiving e-mail noted earlier: 285 a 0.80..., see cable derating ( factors ) be 5000/230 = 21.73 Amps that! Introduced by alternating current, and these standards reflect this round, that 's the whole lot in adjacent. Be obtained, using the values direct from BS 7671 is the UK requirements for electrical standard.
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